hello
Members who are
onboarded,
at WordPress,
or I'm Benjamin,
I'm going to take you through,
migrating a WordPress,
without the use of plugins.
So I'm going to discuss,
for like 20 minutes.
Then we do a practical out,
but I will get a volunteer.
I don't mind,
but I will be there to have reasons
with my server. Credentials.
See that?
So, I made the PDF or the PowerPoint,
which is very simple
and easy to understand.
So it's using WordPress
content, WordPress config and database.
So I may be a bit, faster,
but you review the video after recording.
So first of all, why,
why we make great without plugins first?
We, we need to have full
control and transparency.
We avoid,
plugin dependencies.
Works on restricted host,
restricted hosting.
That's how most things we don't support.
What's to say?
If I'm to use FTP,
port 22 is blocked.
For example, if I'm to use,
if I'm to dump plugin connecting
and that port becomes hard.
So to say or Namecheap,
if I'm using them to posting,
they usually don't give us, a terminal
in case I need it.
So the port for the terminal is always
or is is always blocked.
So you might find that
some posts are blocked
and there's no way you can
transfer the files.
And you need the,
the,
the use of,
the use of migrating without plugins.
Another part that is well, with the,
the host as set,
the amount of files to transfer, like,
that means the data
to be transferred, temp,
they say to to to db for DB, depending.
So if you have a bigger file,
you may end up failing
to transfer your files.
Well,
even another thing we avoid is network.
I claim to be using a plugin
and the network fills.
I need anything lags.
So you end up, losing, the work.
So ensure you understand what structure.
So if I go to another part,
we are going to see the
overview of the WordPress.
Like which structure
WordPress is made of files and database.
That's what is the
in the line that structure
we have files and database
file is have code configurations uploads
in database of posts
pages, user settings.
Both are essential in migrations.
This is what we have
in the WordPress structure.
So if we go in deep
however for that which is wp admin,
let me first go back.
I don't do that bit of a little.
I download a bit of,
WordPress.
If I go to WordPress.
Let me go here.
Okay.
So here WordPress has versions.
We need this.
Also, there is an installation way
if you need it.
But for us now, we don't need it.
So as it's going, it's downloading.
Let me go back to my slide.
It was three
slide show.
So we have
I is making files and databases.
So in the files of WP admin folder,
this folder contains
everything you see on
the WordPress dashboard.
The backend code
you see in the dashboard.
It controls WordPress admin area.
And you cannot customize it directly
and can be
replaced from
fresh install
every time you get a fresh
reinstall install, you are getting that
for that by default within WordPress.
Then you have another for the code
that will be included folder.
This contains
for WordPress functions and classes.
If you are aware of classes
and functions.
But we have a session
where we will look into this.
It has it provides WordPress features.
Should never be added manually.
Also replaced from fresh install.
Then you come up with WP
content for that.
This is our main food
that we need always in migration.
This is important for the for migration.
It contains all customization.
Every time you download
every plugin you download
every upload you do is always in WP
content folder.
So this folder you can move it.
Move with it everywhere.
You can go with it in China,
Kenya, Tanzania everywhere.
And you leave the dope admin.
And that includes the moment
you download them.
WordPress you get those
that would be admin and include.
But this is the essential
because our theme plugins
uploads are always here
must always be copied when migrating.
So
so inside inside the theme
we are going to look into that.
We have the theme,
you can have various themes,
but always
all the themes
will be installed in the content.
They are themes at the points
where you want to deactivate that theme
and you find that is failing.
You just go to inside the WP content.
You can only delete it out
so that the theme will be gone.
The servers where you fill.
If you are hacked, attempts are hacked.
You try to download some
theme which has been invested in
and you fail.
Just go to your
for manager go to that will be content.
Go to team, delete it out
or you can give it permissions
and delete it out.
So this defines the layout and design.
Every layout
and design is always in that theme.
Migrating themes
issue are same look and feel.
If you move that they will be content
and you move your theme within.
That means the exact looks of
that previous will be the same
with the current
active theme settings also
stored in database.
Everything you
activate the
settings are in to the database
to add them.
That's why
remove move with the database folder.
So these things which are inactive,
trust me, you will never move with
you will never move with, the data
that it won't move
with the database as well.
Again, you have the plugins inside.
There will be content.
Let me go back.
I think this is done.
Yeah.
Okay.
Let me open it here.
I think you can see my screen.
So,
WordPress has these three files.
This is the that will be admin.
It contains all the admin settings
of the WordPress,
the footer that functions
and every other thing you need.
This we have this.
That would be includes.
It contains the blocks.
There are certificates, the CSS
assignments, the font
everything, the assets and the assets.
We have script loaders.
We shall look into that
because not the main part.
Then you have these files.
These are the files index with PHP,
the entry point of the WordPress.
We have the laziness,
the read me that way.
These are files
which are ending with PHP.
So this is I mean it has this
it has the plugins.
So by default
remember they give us accessibility.
Plugin which comes by default if you see
we have the themes,
you have 20 I've seen this 20, 25.
We have seen 2024.
We have seen 2023.
These are the theme, the screenshots,
if you are looking for it, how it is,
that's how it is be
it's you you I've seen it before.
So we have also in that
theme of the assets,
the phone, the images.
So I can edit my theme here
if I need to change the footer.
For example,
if I change the photo of my theme,
I can do it from here.
Once I open it here,
we shall look into that.
If I open it here, let me
let me just open with this.
So if you find that your your footer,
your footage is disturbing yet themes, it
you can you can edit it from here.
This is 2020.
This is the footer. Wait a minute.
I mean, it's,
footer, columns, footer,
news, footer, header, sidebar.
Let me check with this a little bit.
Oh, it still does the same.
Okay. We shall see.
How can it dim?
If I'm to go, but
I don't want you.
So all, this is 2024.
This is 2023,
and all our plugins are installed here.
So if I'm to go back here.
So plugins add extra functionality.
That's it.
So for example, if I want a plugin
for, for, for this appeal
it will add functionality
if my,
my website or my WordPress system is not
allowing payment gateway,
I will get that plugin support I added.
It will add some extra functionality.
So examples SEO, we have seen
SEO plugins,
for example, to say all in one,
and others
I've seen security plugins,
I've seen from plugins.
So they must be moved
and kept filters working
settings to add in database files
in this folder.
These plugins are stored in the,
in our,
you know, database as well.
Then you have uploads inside stores,
uploaded media,
images, PDF videos, documents,
maybe a day by day.
WordPress depends on these losing it.
It means broken images.
At times we are,
we move our, our files
and you find that the image
which should be shown is not visible.
That means that image is broken
because you have lost the,
the upload file.
So attains if we come to our,
if we come to our, our structure here,
where you. Mr.
Structure,
if you come to our structure here,
you may ask yourself, what is the upload?
You may ask yourself,
where is the upload folder.
So the upload for that will come in
when we the moment
we upload that file, it will be
created,
by
the functions of WordPress.
So
we, so we have to keep it as essential.
Then you have this WordPress config file.
It's also essential
in and transferring our files.
This config file
contains a WordPress database.
The database name that used
the password was security keys.
And so its tables prefix
must be updated on a new server.
So we move with it.
So let's look into this folder.
The file
files are always the folders
folders are always, a briefcase.
So let me look into wp config file,
for example, is it where you are?
You I comes
it comes like that would be config
the sample hyphen sample.
But I usually do edit
it, I rename it to
that would be config.
I remove this sample.
So name it.
So if I'm to open it
and we look into a scene,
let me open with this text editor.
So
so here we have
This is not in session.
These are comments.
We know how comments look like.
This is the media part we need.
So here in this folder,
what we do,
we define our db name.
Db name.
You can put your name here.
I call this DB
again.
We define our username
depending on the hosting
I team's hosting.
For example,
if I'm using Vlan, it can be violent
underscore
the user it can be.
This same applies to the DB.
It will be like Vlan.
Underscore.
If I'm hosting we are hosting
which is hosting.
The attendees can be
hosting on my hosting name like that.
But if you are low cost we can do this.
DBS items or low cost?
We use root
then the password.
The times
since we use
the passwords are always left empty.
Then this is host is always low cost.
But there are times
when where we can change to 127.0.0.1,
which means low cost
depending on your configurations.
But by default,
we should always leave it
like low cost
despite being on the server.
Then these are character set.
We have a lot of character sets in
in databases.
So the other part you have
we have this authentication key.
The secure okay.
Login key knows now is this number
once something is assigned once we have.
So think this is the encryption
of our passwords.
Again we it logged in.
So
then another thing which we have here
we have this table prefix
which is called WP
freaking
prefix.
Then also we have another one code debug
in case you want to see our errors,
we can tell this to true.
So it's always easy to identify the error
which is affecting your site
in case you have any problem.
But by default we keep it to false.
I think our versions are not.
Yeah.
So that's the, that's our,
that's our,
WP config folder.
It contains that.
So every time we get a new sub
I will have to edit it or update it
to match our servers.
So we have also, database
that can be my SQL, or MariaDB.
I don't think that WordPress
uses Postgres,
however much Postgres is SQL, but mostly
we use my skill like MariaDB.
Stuart says content and settings,
hosts, pages, users, comments, menus,
plugins, theme settings.
I always to add in the database
so we have to go for migration.
Table tables
include there would be posts,
there would be users,
there would be options.
These tables are essential.
Then if we go to another important
file is index dot PHP.
This index with PHP is always
the intro page of WordPress.
If we don't have our index with PHP,
that means our WordPress, WordPress,
we won't be able to access WordPress.
So this index is the it is the entry file
of WordPress by default.
So don't tamper with it.
The moment you tamper with it, you hire
Joanna, set it for you.
Then
we have access.
Those are access files.
These are permalinks. Redact rules.
So some people,
some people say I don't have my access
file is lacking, but things become easy.
You just come here,
you say, WordPress, WordPress,
WordPress don't have access files.
So when you come here,
they will show you here the WordPress.
So they will show you
all the HD access files.
They will show you basic.
This is the disk which you call our
which will call our entry file,
which is index. PHP.
Then you have if you are using most sites
will go with this.
Again if you are using
subdomains you can go with this
if like we are using
the versions, they are not here.
So you get help with yourself.
And at the point if this we use h axis,
if we are using Apache
httpd, but also we have also engineers.
These are website basa.
So also in Unix
depending on your configuration.
So this is the end Unix file.
So we shall get that.
They were looking to set it up.
If you find a client
who is using engine it's
if you are installing your WordPress on,
on a bare metal.
So we use this.
So we get to learn
how to write this, access files.
If you get time.
So by default.
By default, by default, by default.
Let me check out a little bit by default
I don't know.
We do have the access file here,
but learn from
okay I can create anyway.
Let me just leave it like that and
to see.
Open terminal.
HP axis.
Then.
Anyway, there it is.
Okay.
So easy access is always vital.
We shall look into it.
I it is vital.
Then you have the upload, the php.
It loads the bootstrap WordPress
mostly system
first can be from fresh install.
This is another important thing to note.
So again essential for migration.
We were migrating.
We look on to these three things
which are very essential.
We look for the content
which are the theme plugins and uploads.
We look on to the config file
and the database.
Those are the only things
we need to migrate.
So when we use we install.
We will get the dopey
admin and includes
can come from any fish install.
So we don't need to move with that.
So we move with this with expose only
then what.
You don't need to copy that.
There will be admin
that includes it.
Copy that.
Only migrate
custom and database related files.
Step one
we backup outside download
the LP content config expert database.
Always backup before
in case anything goes wrong.
We have that backup assigned.
Then setup.
Setup a new server, install
fresh WordPress, delete.
When we install a fresh log.
What?
Fresh WordPress, we delete
the there will be content folder
because we are going
to upload the old content folder.
Then we place
that there will be config file
the PHP with the correct values
like the db name, the look, the logos,
the db user that they will be prefix.
Then again, we come here,
we import the database,
create a new database, assign
for privileges like access, delete, edit
the alert,
then input is SQL by phpMyAdmin.
Then verify tables were imported.
Then against for update the
config we update this
db name, db user password and host.
Ensure the table prefix matches.
We are going to look into that.
Step five update the set URL.
If the domain has changed,
we update the security.
We go to the database.
There will be options table.
We see the settings say tool.
We change that.
You can use an SQL command where we say
update the option set option value httpd
a domain name
where option name in SQL and home.
That's for the geniuses,
but we can learn it still.
Again we have the final check
this the set and this login.
We set permalinks that's in settings
permalinks and save.
I checked the media plugin
to fix broken links in the domain change
confirm site is working smoothly.
Make this summary.
It's for wp content config.
Install WordPress on the new host.
Replace WordPress content
config input database update site.
You are just everything.
Then I think the last part
best practices
always backup before migrating.
Use the staging environment for testing.
Keep WordPress updated, secure
the API and optimize database
after migration.
So before we go further,
let's go to questions.
Then we'll go to our practical bit of it.
I know I've been faster,
but it's normal.
Any questions?
Thank you so much, Benji.
Yeah.
Anyone with questions?
Before we move on to
the practical session,
please feel free to lift up your hand.
You can alternatively,
you can alternatively
type them in the chat
and then we can summarize them.
Imagine I'm a total beginner.
I know very little about WordPress.
The few options that you've talked about,
especially when it comes
to database and web server.
You talked about
MySQL or MariaDB.
Which one would you advise
people to go with? Which one is better?
And then when it comes to the web
servers, the options that you give,
which one can somebody go with
in case the
they're faced with an option
if they have to decide which one to use.
Okay.
Thank you, madam John,
let me start with,
with the web server part,
and then we have two, two cases.
We have one case, whereby we are using,
if you are using,
you using hosting, like, hosting,
Namecheap or like, good that the,
there is no need of, using engine.
There are already
those hosting panels come with,
Apache installed.
So Apache by default is in.
So here what we have,
we have what we call them.
So, mostly what are we call it?
It's a web server.
If you are using low cost,
it's a web server.
This is, stats stands for,
who can tell me what X stands for?
Yes.
It out loud.
Do you hear me?
Yes.
Yeah.
Thank you for the wonderful work
that you are doing.
But x
x, I think stands for cross-platform.
Yes.
You mean that it wouldn't
work on multiple operating systems?
I think then it stands for Apache,
then M stands for MySQL.
Then P stands for Pal.
And lastly PHP.
So mostly these hosting panels
use Apache.
But if you are going to use,
VIPs, virtual private server,
all a dedicated server, which is,
a bare metal,
bare metal here.
We shall need,
to install.
We can,
we can you can
we can do an Apache configuration
at the same time.
You can do that in the
next configuration. But,
if you are
a lot of beginner in hosting,
all in, in sites,
don't attempt to use in Unix
and don't attempt
to use virtual private servers.
Always use
but hosting companies
like Namecheap, GoDaddy hosting course,
they said this for you.
Your work will be upload
your site,
set your configuration and going
any error that comes about.
They configure it for you
and they troubleshoot.
So for the meantime,
if you are a total beginner,
always use Apache.
It has little configurations.
That's in axis.
So if you, are you going in Unix
that's when we shall set up.
The Let's Encrypt SSL certificates
point to the IP set
if equals do that is based upon and
then for the database,
always like you command,
I want to use a, you command want to use
MySQL.
Other than
MariaDB.
Is the HP,
the the HP, like, I mean, admitted.
A break roads out.
I came this table.
Okay.
So, this is, our database, how it is.
So this is my SQL,
but this is what we used to change them
around here.
We change them to MariaDB.
Something like that,
but they don't recall,
so we change them from somewhere.
Somewhere, somewhere.
But this is SQL, so I recommend everyone
to use, SQL, which is very easy to use.
And it's user friendly, friendly.
And the correlations
these ones you FTP generation and others.
So now let me try to install my low cost
and the WordPress we see.
I'm going to install no cost.
Then we have our volunteers who
do the online.
So first of all, if I'm using
the I now downloaded my WordPress file.
It's here, I can rename it and call it,
okay.
Let me go with it.
Let me go in these,
if I come to oops, who is doing in
HD docs?
Those who have done, low cost stuff.
A test here so I can rename it,
click rename.
I call it test.
Let me call it, Joy,
you want the class and.
Perfect name.
Okay, so these are my throws in here.
So when they come to here,
my local hosts.
Will come.
This file of mine
goes, I put it in zombie.
So, My zap.
Oh, so it's saying database connection
established. This. Is that an error?
Because, my database is not being seen
with one being,
tampered with at a certain point of here.
Tampered with it.
So this error will tell you
the database is not seen.
The reason being,
we are not having this database.
So there are some errors
which are common, and we fix them.
So this is we have this DB.
So it's saying
that database is not phony.
Yeah.
So what if I put on the
what if I put on the debug.
Right. I need to true.
Now I want to see
what is the cause of the error
and where is it coming from,
however much
we know where it's coming from.
Let me go back to here.
They will say unknown database.
This is unknown.
You get the point.
The database server
could, could not be connected.
And username and password is okay,
so I come, I get to know.
Oh, I'm. I'm letting my database.
Okay, let me go there. Let me see this.
Let me copy it up then.
Come here.
Say new
create new database.
Then I say create.
So the moment I create,
then I load my site,
the area is gone.
That means what was disturbing us
was the database.
So if the error is gone, what if.
Let me check.
What if I change this user root to,
see?
What will it tell me?
That the user locals using
database
use that localhost is access name.
That means my user is always root.
What if I have a password?
But I never set it in my side.
Studio told me.
I said the user is using password, but
my admin is configured,
not user password.
So these are common errors.
We always test
and what we see simple errors.
So which, we need or is to debug
I because I started
so I can turn off this
and I put it back to force
so that I don't get challenges.
So when I load here
you see my database there
I will call my site.
I say this is, test
username.
Let me use yeah.
They say
usernames can only be alphanumeric
spaces and what.
So let me call that username as admin
then the password.
Italian Job 1992
I love this movie.
Then the email.
I can use this
so I can this guy
then they say install WordPress.
I hope you don't use your real password.
Nothing you are going to get from me.
I'm, I know more.
So, let me check us.
Is loading.
The phones are here,
so this is the file I told you.
I love that when we come here,
everything is chosen. Admin.
Then I choose my password, I log in,
everything is installed.
Then I usually forget the passwords.
The admin
at Italian job.
Italian job.
I always forget them.
He.
This fake logs in?
Yeah.
So now
this is what we have.
Everything you see here is in WP admin.
Everything you see is in WP admin.
Never edit it.
So if I come here I'll get the users.
This is my folder.
This is the user admin
and this is the password items.
You can change this. But what passwords.
This password is encrypted
but it's it's hashed.
This is the password hash.
It's this one here.
So then when we look into
when you will look into,
we look into something like this.
This is the prefix, the table prefix.
So there are some sites
where you find our table
prefix having having x, y, z.
And that's so here we have to edit it.
So if we find WP here okay.
Let me take a scenario here.
I find way that you find
if my WP prefix is
is x, x is okay.
Is
this c S is also here.
The prefix should be s s
s s.
So these things should always be
the same.
The table prefix then
comment links options.
Those are minor.
But to focus on to the options here
this is the where we have
if we are moving to a new site.
This is where we edit our
our domain here.
Here.
So I'm going to do this
as we are going to test it.
So since we are going to test it
let me do it here.
So you may have a problem but I would
I know the shorthand.
Let me come again here.
So I copy
a paste
here and this site
rename I call it Benja Benjamin,
I rename.
Okay.
Which name?
Benjamin.
I rename it as Benjamin.
They me, they me, they mean they open it.
Then I go here,
I rename this, sorry, not renaming,
I open it.
Let me just use this one,
this DB one.
I think.
Okay. This w
so if I want to let me,
let me, let me, let me do this.
Locusts.
Slash Benjamin.
The database is not
there are still the same thing.
The something I want to show
you here a little bit.
So come here.
I create the database.
This DB one.
So let's say created here
I come back loads.
So scientists
the database still let
me use the same.
Okay.
Email.
I used to only.
So if
I come to this DB one
I want to show you something here.
If I come to this DB one.
I come to that would be options.
You see this earlier.
This one has it has, it has Benjamin.
And as well as this one here.
This one here has.
With options here
it has June.
So that means anytime we make data set
we always have to check this.
There will be option for that.
Then we edit our.
You are l earlier here.
Now let me.
Okay. Yep.
Perfect. Oh.
Stable.
Okay.
Let me call it admin.
And then it is still the same I forgot
that's my usual way.
So we made of that.
We made of these files.
This is the option.
This is the essential file.
This is.
That mean.
That means this is.
Hey.
Yeah I've left that part.
I will go back. Okay.
So. Yeah. Fine. Yeah.
If I want to check also the admin here,
I can come as well here
and check the admin login
and the login from here.
If I think they forget the login I see.
I mean
then after seeing admin
they come and save.
So.
So when they go back to login as Benjamin
Benjamin.
So sorry, I did not say note
okay something.
Anyway, I didn't wait,
wait times come like that.
So when you come to these options
it's very essential in migrating.
We have to change this as well.
Don't forget this.
It can be I can say is low cost equal?
I call this side Joanne.
Cost side.
That means, I've changed this.
If I'm changing to another
domain, I save.
So those are the essential files?
No. Thank you.
I request to have, a volunteer
with having any site.
We can use that site to own that sub.
In the sub domain,
we you hope us, move aside
and we see how things work.
So if my, my, my hosting
is having some issues,
but any volunteer is welcome,
let me try to spin
up, a subdomain and install WordPress
and then share my screen.
Okay.
Thank you very much.
That's why I use the name,
John Casa.
You can post questions.
Then we go to the migration,
we see what we move and what we leave.
Worries.
Yeah.
That's good.
So let's go to that okay.
Good. You have cPanel.
Okay.
So
now. Oh okay.
That's it.
Now let's install WordPress in the,
what do you use to install WordPress?
Okay. Yeah.
This should take us
some few little minutes.
Okay.
Yes.
Actually.
I let those guys like this guy.
We done?
Okay. We are done.
We load, we see.
Okay, now,
we say that we're going to migrate here
first. Go to the other side.
We look at it
just listed.
We look at it
so that we may with the exact thing.
You
just open that site,
we we are going to migrate.
We look at it how it looks like.
Just open it. We see.
No not there. Yes.
Is it on low cost?
Yeah.
Yes.
I'm using WordPress studio.
Okay, fine.
Let's have that low cost one.
We look at it so that we can migrate.
It'll.
Do the.
We can migrate it to those two.
You get to.
So this is the one.
Okay. Good.
Okay.
Now let's go to that first
let's go to the flow manager.
To where the files are.
Yeah.
Or low cost.
Then we zip our, with our,
the content for the only.
One
that.
Zip only.
That would be content folder.
Yes.
Okay.
Yeah. Yes.
Is that then, we go, we, we go, we delete
on the server,
the other the content for that
which is installed.
Well, now what's the domain?
You said we delete.
Yeah. We delete it
on the, on the sub domain.
So we go to see panel info manager.
Yeah. Good. Need that that one.
Click on it and delete it.
Then this upload ours.
Yeah.
Perfect.
Then after that okay.
As that happens
let it upload.
And then go want.
Well, perfect.
Okay, perfect.
Now then, another thing.
Let's go to our database.
Low cost.
Let's first go to our database online.
First checking
the in the file we see the database name.
We you click on it.
These are what? Okay.
So our database is,
more this the whole piece of it.
1578.
Okay, let's go to the let's
go to the to the to the admin online.
For this server.
Right.
Yeah.
Yeah yeah, yeah.
That's that's the one
then this, check all of them here.
Don't don't don't check.
Yeah.
And also come here where they are. Yes.
Then drop everything.
Select drop in.
Yes.
Okay.
Perfect.
Then you are going to go to local.
We pick the other database.
We upload it here.
It's good database.
Okay.
Save.
Okay.
Now we are taking the okay here.
Then we go to the online server.
We upload, we export this database.
Why do you use studio?
I think it's, to me
the best tool for working with WordPress.
Okay, okay.
We come to export import.
Then browse.
Then we look for that.
Okay.
That's good.
I import the some data, I go over some.
We are way we are down there.
What is it saying?
Unknown collection.
So now what we are going to do.
If we are on 5.7,
we are going to change to,
we are going to change to Unicode, then,
Search and replace.
Okay.
So what we are going to do,
we are going to change it
to Unicode there.
So let me, let me give you this Unicode.
These
are the errors we shall always face.
So that's the one I've said
I replace it here.
Yeah. Yeah. We are only going with that.
We are only going with that
is the small one.
Is Unicode UTF.
Yeah.
Place it there.
You can.
Okay.
Even. It's done. It's on another table.
Still find the replace okay.
In all files in.
Good.
Okay.
We are replacing it with Unicode right.
Yes.
Okay.
Now let's, let's upload and we see.
That there should be going.
We should not see that
data again.
So we should we
as we go along we should also land
eight of the character say.
And otherwise it.
Okay.
Now it has been uploaded there.
Perfectly fine.
So those errors. Oh.
Always in there. But don't worry, people.
Now let's let's do this
first go to our site. We see
if we are good to go.
We see what we are now.
We actually are lucky
if we load.
I know we are going to get errors.
Now is asking for install.
Why is it asking install?
Let's look into our.
There will be config folder.
Then this is more
this this is this and this is the root.
This is the localhost okay.
Okay.
Now let's come let's go to
Click this check our
this go back to the database online.
Our database we have just imported.
It has the, the prefix of WP.
You see this prefix is WP.
So we go to our config folder
and we make it wp.
Make it wp
okay.
We save.
Then another part.
Let's go to our.
Loading.
Let's go to our site.
You are really,
in the options
there a few options.
It is pointing to this.
So let's ensure it points to.
Our, our
I want to say online.
So it that. Me okay.
Let me see where
that we are moving with the
trailing dashes.
Slashes.
Okay. It's okay.
Now let's go and reload that site.
And we see.
Okay.
No.
There is blog
thing was called incorrectly.
The function should be called
immediately.
Is registered debugging.
Please see TT.
This message was added in version six.
Okay.
Sorry.
Okay. Yeah.
It was added first.
Go and remove that bug.
We see.
Okay.
First.
Okay okay.
Updates.
It's okay
man to run the updates.
Yeah.
In fact okay.
You still have,
A 2022 version of glitch temporary back.
Okay, go to themes page.
Okay.
You can see this.
You are you are you at that time of 20.
20.
25. Okay.
Oh, the theme is broken.
A little bit.
This is this is,
you think 25.
No no no no no no no no no no no no no.
You just restore that.
Go to the up there.
Go to the WordPress version.
The updates, updates.
Then this click on
Reinstall.
Yes.
Okay.
I know where the problem is.
We did not extract
when we uploaded the content
and extract Icardi
by not going out with the window.
We didn't knuckle.
Oh.
Okay.
That's good.
Yeah.
Will you spend four hours
debugging something which is commonly.
I think about what
is
okay.
Yeah.
So there are some small errors
which come about.
But that's the way we do it.
In a simple steps.
The images,
they are they some error in the images.
You are not moving with the images,
but that
that means you have to go to permalinks.
That's the permalinks.
Okay?
It's coming.
These permalinks, it,
then,
We can see what use that.
Oh, okay. Yes. Good.
And you saved.
Okay.
So in the file manager. Yes.
If you content.
Then, upload.
Images of images.
2025.
Go back to pass.
Let's go back up.
That's
one to verify 2025.
Then there
it should be a person
working something that if it
okay I pass on working is here.
The person working is there.
Let's go back to the other one and see
how does it end.
Because if
if your server is
really having everything,
that is the person 20
1020 4x4 70 475.
I guess it can be I,
it can be, permission.
Yeah.
But, and then,
so what I want is what he has just
said, that permission.
So something I want us to see if,
if we load a a an asset,
a path which we are seeing,
this is the official path of this asset.
Does it load?
Because that was.
No, that was to verify.
But that's where the,
the, the problem.
Yeah.
So this is the, the image, you know,
yeah.
So what you are going to do,
I wanted to copy that.
You put it in not by the
put it in, not by
which one they are.
The image
that this one.
Yes. Is.
Okay.
Yeah. Okay. Not by then.
You see me.
Did they replace.
But there could be something small
that is causing a difference
between the actual
and what is being pulled.
So you do agree with you?
Yes.
You have to do something small
because this. Yeah.
The hell with. Yes, I replaced version.
So we have this.
Now. I want you to go.
I want you to go back in.
File manager.
Yeah.
We we.
Okay.
Yes.
In five minutes.
I see I want us to test to
this other image. Yeah.
I think this image
which is having this decision
JPG is a smaller I know I want one.
It is no more that one.
So this isn't dirty.
So you go back to the other side
in notepad. Yes. Go back in it. But
copy that you are
in that you had make a new puppy
and then replace the all of this
up from a person.
Yes.
And but they have missed seasons.
Make sure it is the correct spelling.
Correct.
They did that somewhere.
Yeah.
It does.
Http models in the standard site.
If everything is in line,
edge. Copy that.
And we see if you,
if you open that in a browser
and it doesn't load
and you did it, this is a public folder.
It should be able to load.
If the path is correct,
I don't
there could be something
which is missing the
this good permissions.
And we see
if we are set to 77575 favorite.
This sympathy for that is for
nope you are this.
How about this? What about
the permission of the folder
the for give it
there would be uploads
open into 756.
No that's going to
open inside contents.
Upload.
Mr. McElderry.
If you get, 755.
But if it's.
10 to 7.
Seven five, five, it.
Hello?
Just click.
Okay. Yeah.
No.
Remove the middle one.
Even take the upper one and down.
One down one.
Yeah.
Save.
Is that all?
Yeah.
I think that's the all the about
permissions of that folder.
Unless you want to give that the BW
that data.
And you're trying with the image
that we were refreshing
you first go back
and we zero then apply that image.
So it's
not accessing this path.
This is A04 error.
Okay.
First the inside inside the uploads.
That should be something which is
nothing to access.
Change you
as well 750755.
Go.
Go inside.
Yeah.
There is one more there.
Down it is 750.
But I think that's not the.
Our image was is empty.
Okay.
Or the other way in zero
five, isn't it.
Let's go.
Yeah.
Let's go back again.
005.
Now, the file is inside, isn't it?
Pass right click on that.
No, this is on the permission seven.
It's 5:00.
Reading
is in every way.
Okay.
You can see now when you go back,
up the chain,
go back after the chain.
There was a folder in that path
which did have, seven, five, five.
Yes. Go up, up the chain.
Continue up.
Level up, level up.
Yeah.
Upload.
You have to more.
Okay.
Go up again and.
Garza.
Yeah.
And then another GIF that goes with
another debacle.
Yeah.
It was, by
by uploading by uploading a new image
and we see if it's seen.
Okay.
You get you know, now you try that
and we see.
I think we can change it for.
Yeah, yeah an outcome.
It was a permissions issue
at guess level of
yeah yeah yeah we did it.
No.
So I think yeah something.
Yeah I mentioned before resolved.
But then I'm sure someone convinced.
Yeah it was permissions.
But so that means,
could you try to explain.
Oh Mr..
The speaker, to explain to beginners,
because I think this is the next question
that is gonna come from a beginner.
Oh, oh, madam,
Joanne is going to ask
on behalf of a beginner
that that what does it mean?
What's the difference between 0755
and, between 0644?
Because also there is A0777037,
which is very dangerous
that people shouldn't use.
But please, if you could break down
for people how this comes about
so that they understand
what you meant by permission issues
and also break the
break them the, the actual,
the actual steps we've
done in order to fully
debug it to to fully debug the error.
Okay.
Actually, David,
before he answers
that, just to encourage people
that next week
we are going to be having a session
which is going
like was explained earlier,
which will detail many of the file issues
that we've talked about here today.
So this is to encourage
those who are still in the call.
Please come next week.
I know he's
going to explain now,
but next week is going
to be more detailed regarding the file.
So I think
even some of these, file
permission issues will be handled there.
But,
Benjamin, please go ahead.
Okay. No,
this is what you have, I think.
Let me share a little bit of my screen.
To my screen.
Are you able to see my screen?
Yes. We can.
Okay, so we have,
we have something called, permissions.
What is files and folders.
Permissions explained it.
So we have this category
of what permissions.
Mostly that we use what we call
in Linux.
We use what we call x, r and w.
So we have let me say we have this r
which stands for read.
Then we have also we like to call w
which stands for right.
And you have also what we call
x which stands for executable.
So
now when we come to this permission
if we say it read that means we can,
we can we can view
the file contents.
Contain or lists or
list content.
So all the content in here,
we can read them then
if we, we will come to this here,
we can modify
we can modify, delete,
delete that.
Therefore that, delete
the directory.
So we have permission of directory
and the spreading directory.
So here we have that permission of that.
Then we have this other one to execute
here.
So in execute
we can run that script all entire day
three here
we have all access
and we can run them one.
So.
So how do we do that?
So we have the numbers here.
We have what we call numbers.
We have seven I, we have six,
we have five, we have four.
And we have also I can let the zero.
So sorry we have what we call
so this is seven disturbing stable.
And we have this is zero.
So and so zero.
Zero.
So yeah, I on seven,
that means we have our W and x,
we can read.
We can write,
we can execute.
These are full permissions
if you see seven.
So when we go to six
when we see number six
we can read and write.
We don't execute.
So when we go to number five
we read and execute.
We read and execute.
This is x.
When we go to four we read.
We don't do this.
Those dashes that that this dashes x.
And this is w here when we go
when you have permission.
Sorry.
This was
this was supposed to be zero
when you go to this permission
zero we do nothing
here.
We have only we have no,
we have no permission.
So I think if we we
we do
we do our config folder and we set it,
we set it to zero, zero zero.
That means it cannot be read
to any person. It has no permission
so that
the, the entire
format comes about when it's, w x.
W x I think I've seen that,
it's, it's, w it's
that means here we see this is the owner.
This is the owner of the file
can perform that.
And the second one becomes with my baby.
So this is my baby. Oh.
Always my baby.
Okay.
The second one is group.
The third one,
like, pregnant with the baby.
The third one is others.
So here. What?
It means that this first group
we have given him seven.
This is seven.
And we also have given group seven,
and we also given others seven.
So that means the owner of the file
can do the read, write and execute here
if we. Okay. Let me go here.
Let me open myself using tab.
Let me is my tab.
We can okay. We are given seven.
That means the owner can
can the owner can write, read
and execute.
We give also the group seven
and also, that's seven.
That's full access.
That's why they said seven.
Seven is by the
someone who say seven services.
But that means you are giving the owner
directory again.
The group is also getting access.
Even others are getting full access.
So so if I'm the owner having this,
that means I go back to say,
let the owner be with, w x.
Then we give the group,
we can give the group two
rights.
This is, you can give it to.
Right, but we don't give him to
read. Right?
And we give them to execute.
That means here it means.
And the last one we can say,
no permission to that group.
This goes form I seven in, the owner
goes for,
our five,
we go for a0.
That means others
what we do, what we are facing.
We had a few permissions
of doing anything in the folder,
because at first,
at first we had, we had seven, five zero.
So we had, the owner
had, the group had,
but the others who we are,
we couldn't do any permission.
So, that means that,
the outside,
the public could not access the public.
The others could not access the
upload files.
So what we had to do,
as we are debugging, we say
let the owner be with rw x,
then, we say, let's give the group,
the write
and execute the read and execute.
And this also give the others.
That's the public access.
Our images, the r and X.
So here we came up with as seven
as seven
as I'm sorry, not seven.
It's A5I see it's a five and, five.
That means we are giving, the others
the rights to read and execute.
So now if we go, we go deep
into the into what? Folders?
This is what we have.
What post recommends
this permissions
to all folders and directories.
So we considered change mode.
We set 755.
This we are setting folder
to for Daisy we are setting for folders
slash directories.
So directories.
That means we are giving a
for the permission.
Sorry that's creating domain.
We are giving the folder
permission of seven of the owner.
We are giving them
the groups to read
and also write it others. Right.
So this is the recommendation
by what WordPress.
So if we change any folder from this
to 750, that means you won't see the,
the the outside it.
So here the owner has full control,
full control here
and then group and others. Yeah.
What what it recommends here.
Owner has full control.
Owner sorry.
Owner.
The owner has,
full control.
Then the groups,
and others.
Can read
and write only.
Only.
But remember,
for example, if we set our I want
that will be content to 775.
That means it's
accessible outside without.
But again
remember that we have the permission
which is six, four four.
So what is this 64 for this
it is only for files.
So if you look,
you can share your, your, your,
your screen a little bit.
If you go to WP,
config
config dot php,
we are giving it six, four, four.
So if we look on 644 what is six six is
six is six is
minus w.
Then four is
four is only read the others
we only read it will be read minus minus.
That means our config config folder will.
No one will execute.
That's a private folder.
Yeah.
That's, for that, which is PW
good provide though if you give it
permission to be executed
in this evening, it
hackers can send bash scripts
to the server.
That means you are giving it to six
six and four four.
That means
as the owner, I can only write.
This is that six I can write and read.
But still the public,
the group on others,
they will only be having,
group four, which is only read.
So even if they send a script outside,
they will have access to they,
they won't have access to our WP config.
That's a little about that.
Same applies to the HD axis.
So this 644 arrays
in WordPress applies to those
that our two video.
So let me a brief summary.
All files.
I will I will ask my them joy.
We as you are going to
for the fourth, on fourth,
we can go
through into this into more details,
more details.
More details into permissions
because we need to understand them well.
And in, in really never
to use these.
This allows anyone,
anyone
to modify their files and everything
because this one has w x I w x and x.
That means that means you are
I think it's,
that means you are giving a seven.
We are giving a group. Save it.
We are giving the outside world seven.
So it becomes dangerous.
So that's a brief,
but we shall go deep into that.
But that's how permissions move in.
So for now I
can say
that's all I have to share with you.
Thanks for being here.
Thanks for attending.
I appreciate.
Thank you so much, Benjamin.
It's been a pleasure having you.
Thank you so much,
good people,
for sticking around the numbers
with good.
Thank you so much, friends.
In case
any of you
has an idea
that you want to see in these meetups,
please feel free to inbox me
to inbox David and join the other team.
Meetup leads.
And then we can
organize a session for you.
Thank you so much for coming
and we are so happy to have you.
We usually have these sessions
and we are going to be publicizing them
a little earlier.
Our next session, as you can see,
is behind the dashboard
Understanding Your WordPress Files
and Their roles.
It is hosted by Whatcom.
WordPress community, Kampala,
and it is there on Saturday, 4th
of October,
3 p.m.
to 5 p.m..
Let's be there on time.
The session is entirely online
and the link will be shared.
Tell a friend to tell our friend
to tell our friend.
For those who want to join,
I have shared the link in the chat.
Please be there.
It's going to be a beautiful session.
Some of the files
that you've been seeing us talking about
WP config,
the core, the core files,
some of the folders,
wp admin, wp content.
They are going to be better
explained there.
Thank you. So much.
And until next time.